An outbreak of Salmonella Thompson occurred among persons who ate boiled peanuts while attending the Pumpkin Festival, in Pumpkintown, South Carolina. Salmonella Thompson isolates from case-patients were indistinguishable with the strain of Salmonella Thompson isolated from the peanuts. The peanut vendors had not been ill; vendor stool specimens showed no evidence of Salmonella. Improper temperature control and possible serving ladle contamination were named as incorrect food handling practices.