In early July, public health officials in Texas and Indiana reported to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) four persons (2 adults; 2 children who were siblings) who had developed cranial palsies and symmetric, descending, flaccid paralysis. These persons subsequently required respiratory ventilatory support. Laboratory tests from one of the adults and the two children failed to show the presence of botulinum toxin. However a serum sample from the other adult showed the presence of botulinum toxin. By July 16, botulinum toxin was detected in leftover chili sauce collected from the home of the Indiana adults. On July 5, a woman in California developed cranial nerve palsies and bilateral generalized weakness after eating Kroger Chili with Beans. Botulinum toxin, type A, was identified in her serum. In late July, two men in Hawaii sought medical treatment for botulism after eating Cattle Drive Chili product. Initially just three Castleberry products were recalled. The recall was expanded, on July 21, to include all production dates for 91 types of canned chili sauce, chili, other meat products, chicken products, and dog food that were produced by the same set of pressure cooking equipment as the hot dog chili sauces. This included Castleberry brands and brands distributed under 25 other brand names (e.g., Austex, Kroger, and Piggly Wiggly). This was the first outbreak of foodborne botulism in the United States associated with a commercial canning facility in approximately 30 years.