In March 2017, the Nebraska Department of Health and Human Services (NDHHS) and the Southwest Nebraska Public Health Department investigated an outbreak of Campylobacter jenjuni infections. Overall, 39 cases were investigated, including 6 confirmed and 33 probable. Untreated, unboiled city tap water (i.e., well water) was the only exposure significantly associated with illness (odds ratio=7.84; 95% confidence interval 1.69-36.36.) Illness onset dates ranged from February 28 to March 23, 2017. Three people were hospitalized. There were no deaths.

The municipality identified as "City A" is served by 4 untreated wells and an interconnected distribution system. Onsite investigations identified that a center pivot irrigation system intended to pump livestock wastewater from a nearby concentrated animal feeding operation onto adjacent farmland had malfunctioned, allowing excessive runoff to collect in a road ditch near two wells that supplied water to the city. The wells were promptly removed from service, after which no subsequent cases occurred.