Six cases of Haff disease were reported in 1997 related to the consumption of Buffalo fish. The Buffalo fish consumed by the four California cases originated in Louisiana. The two Missouri cases obtained their fish near St. Louis, Missouri. Haff disease is a syndrome of unexplained rhabdomyolysis, a breakdown of muscle tissue, within 24 hours of eating fish that carry the toxin. Acute kidney failure can result. Buffalo Fish, Ictiobus cyprinellus, is a bottom feeder. The toxin it could carry apparently does not break down during cooking.